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Seismic and borehole-based mapping of the late Carboniferous succession in the Canonbie Coalfield, SW Scotland: evidence for a ‘broken’ Variscan foreland?

View ORCID ProfileLouis Howell, View ORCID ProfileBernard Besly, View ORCID ProfileSurika Sooriyathasan, Stuart Egan and Graham Leslie
Scottish Journal of Geology, 57, sjg2020-007, 23 October 2020, https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2020-007
Louis Howell
1School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
Roles: [Data curation (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Lead)], [Investigation (Lead)], [Software (Lead)], [Writing - Original Draft (Lead)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Lead)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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  • ORCID record for Louis Howell
  • For correspondence: l.p.howell@keele.ac.uk
Bernard Besly
1School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
Roles: [Data curation (Equal)], [Supervision (Equal)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Bernard Besly
Surika Sooriyathasan
1School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
Roles: [Formal analysis (Lead)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Surika Sooriyathasan
Stuart Egan
1School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
Roles: [Supervision (Lead)], [Writing - Original Draft (Equal)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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Graham Leslie
2British Geological Survey, The Lyell Centre, Edinburgh, Currie EH14 4BA, UK
Roles: [Writing - Original Draft (Equal)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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Abstract

Local seismic and borehole-based mapping of the Carboniferous Pennine Coal Measures and Warwickshire Group successions in the Canonbie Coalfield (SW Scotland) provides evidence of repeated episodes of positive inversion, syn-depositional folding and unconformities. A Duckmantian (Westphalian B) episode of NE–SW transpression is recognized, based on onlapping seismic reflector geometries against NE-trending positive inversion structures and contemporaneous NNE-trending syn-depositional growth folding. The basin history thus revealed at Canonbie is at variance with generally accepted models in neighbouring northern England that imply subsidence was due to post-rift thermal subsidence during late Carboniferous times. A late Westphalian–Stephanian unconformity recognized within the Warwickshire Group succession signifies NW–SE, c. 10% local basin shortening during a time of major shortening in the late Carboniferous Variscan foreland, contradicting suggestions that maximum Variscan shortening had negligible impact on Carboniferous basins in northern Britain. Local inversion structures appear to have strongly influenced local late Westphalian–Stephanian depocentres. In this respect, the Variscan foreland at Canonbie may have resembled a ‘broken’ foreland system. Variations in crustal rheology, fault strength and orientation, and mid-crustal detachments are suggested to have played important roles in determining strain localization and the nature of Westphalian–Stephanian depocentres in the Canonbie Coalfield.

  • © 2020 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London for EGS and GSG. All rights reserved
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Scottish Journal of Geology: 57 (1)
Scottish Journal of Geology
Volume 57, Issue 1
May 2021
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Seismic and borehole-based mapping of the late Carboniferous succession in the Canonbie Coalfield, SW Scotland: evidence for a ‘broken’ Variscan foreland?

Louis Howell, Bernard Besly, Surika Sooriyathasan, Stuart Egan and Graham Leslie
Scottish Journal of Geology, 57, sjg2020-007, 23 October 2020, https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2020-007
Louis Howell
1School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
Roles: [Data curation (Equal)], [Formal analysis (Lead)], [Investigation (Lead)], [Software (Lead)], [Writing - Original Draft (Lead)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Lead)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Louis Howell
  • For correspondence: l.p.howell@keele.ac.uk
Bernard Besly
1School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
Roles: [Data curation (Equal)], [Supervision (Equal)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Bernard Besly
Surika Sooriyathasan
1School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
Roles: [Formal analysis (Lead)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Surika Sooriyathasan
Stuart Egan
1School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
Roles: [Supervision (Lead)], [Writing - Original Draft (Equal)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Graham Leslie
2British Geological Survey, The Lyell Centre, Edinburgh, Currie EH14 4BA, UK
Roles: [Writing - Original Draft (Equal)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Equal)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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Seismic and borehole-based mapping of the late Carboniferous succession in the Canonbie Coalfield, SW Scotland: evidence for a ‘broken’ Variscan foreland?

Louis Howell, Bernard Besly, Surika Sooriyathasan, Stuart Egan and Graham Leslie
Scottish Journal of Geology, 57, sjg2020-007, 23 October 2020, https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2020-007
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Regional geological setting
    • Seismo-stratigraphic analysis of the Canonbie Coalfield
    • Structure of the Canonbie Coalfield
    • Tectonic controls on the late Carboniferous evolution of the Canonbie Coalfield
    • A comparison with the modern ‘broken’ Northern Patagonian foreland basin system
    • Discussion
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